This chapter describes the development of an urban tree canopy cover assessment and restoration project designed to inform community stakeholders and to guide tree planting efforts in disadvantaged neighborhoods surrounding the Indianapolis, Indiana central business district. The primary goals of the project were to create estimates of tree canopy cover and distribution within the study region, and to identify neighborhoods in which to focus tree planting efforts. Estimates derived from high resolution satellite imagery and aerial photography indicate approximately 17% of the studying region was covered by tree canopy. A site selection model identified eight residential neighborhoods that exhibited social and environmental characteristics prioritized for tree planting. These neighborhoods contained significantly less tree cover than other residential communities. The results of this study were used to inform a tree planting campaign, the Indianapolis NeighborWoods initiative, with a goal of planting 100,000 trees in the study region.